小别离谱写出的家国情怀
| Post-kala-azar dermatosis[?] | |
 PKDL rash on the hand | |
| ????? | Infectious disease, dermatology |
|---|---|
| ????? | White areas of skin, nodular lesions[?] |
| ???????? ??? | Within a few months to years post VL[?] |
| ???? | Possibly immune related following visceral leishmaniasis[?] |
| ??? ???????? ?????? | Generally based on symptoms[?] |
| ???? ??? ???????? | Leprosy, xanthoma, systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, syphilis[?][?] |
| ???????? | Miltefosine, sodium stibogluconate, amphotericin B[?][?] |
| ????????? | 2.5% to 20% post VL[?] |
????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? (VL) ??? ????-???? ??????? ???????????? ( PKDL ) ?? ?????? | [?] ??? ?????? ??? ump ??? ???? ??????? | [?] ??? ??????? the ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? | [?] [?] ??????? other ???????? ????? ??????? | [?]
?????? ????? ??????? V VL ? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? | [?] [?] ??????, ???????? VL ????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????, ???? ?? the ??? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? [?] ??? ???????? ??????? symptoms ????? ???? ?????? | [?] ??????????? ??????? an ?? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? believed ?? ?????? | [?]
???????? ?????? mil ????????????, ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ???? ??????; ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? | [?] [?] ??? ications ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? | [?] ???? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? | [?]
PKDL ?????? Sudan ????? ??? ?????? ??????, ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? | [?] ??? 2.5 ?? 20% ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? VL ??? | [?] ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? | [?] ????? ?????? 1922 ??????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????, ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? [?] [?]
???????
[????????]- ↑ ?.? ?.? Tan, Cheng; Zhu, Wen-Yuan (1 January 2023). Atlas of Pigmentary Skin Disorders (in ??????). Springer Nature. p. 76. ISBN 978-981-19-5634-8. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2023. Archived 15 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? ?.?? Passeron, Thierry; Ortonne, Jean-Paul (2016). "Kala-azar". Atlas of Pigmentary Disorders (in ??????). Switzerland: Springer. p. 144. ISBN 978-3-319-10897-1. Archived from the original on 12 July 2023. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
- ↑ ?.? ?.? ?.? ?.? ?.? ?.? ?.? ?.? Gedda, MR; Singh, B; Kumar, D; Singh, AK; Madhukar, P; Upadhyay, S; Singh, OP; Sundar, S (July 2020). "Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: A threat to elimination program". PLoS neglected tropical diseases. 14 (7): e0008221. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008221. PMID 32614818.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ↑ ?.? ?.? ?.? ?.? Kumar, Piyush; Chatterjee, Mitali; Das, Nilay Kanti (2021). "Post Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis: Clinical Features and Differential Diagnosis". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 66 (1): 24–33. doi:10.4103/ijd.IJD_602_20. ISSN 0019-5154. PMC 8061484. PMID 33911290.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ↑ Pathania, Y S; Budania, A (5 January 2022). "Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis". QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 114 (11): 824–825. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcab236.
- ↑ Brahmachari, U. N. (April 1922). "A New Form of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis—Dermal Leishmanoid". The Indian Medical Gazette. 57 (4): 125–127. ISSN 0019-5863. PMC 5186533. PMID 29008368.